The right litter keeps your home fresher and your cat happy to use the litter box. Cats can be fussy, so it's worth understanding the options. This cat litter guide compares litter types, litter boxes and cleaning routines.
Types of cat litter
| Type | Pros | Things to consider |
|---|---|---|
| Clumping clay (bentonite) | Forms firm clumps, easy to scoop | Heavier; can be dusty; not flushable |
| Non-clumping clay | Affordable, absorbent | Needs changing more often |
| Tofu | Clumps, light, low dust | Can attract pests if stored poorly |
| Silica crystal | Absorbs moisture, controls odour | Some cats dislike the texture |
| Recycled paper | Soft, low dust | Odour control can be weaker |
| Pine or wood pellets | Natural scent | Some cats dislike pellets |
| Corn or wheat | Clumping and plant-based | Check for dust and storage |
Clumping vs non-clumping
Clumping litter forms solid clumps when wet, so you can scoop urine and waste and leave clean litter behind. Non-clumping litter absorbs liquid, so you'll need to change the whole tray more often.
Tofu and plant-based litters
Tofu and corn litters are made from plant by-products. Some are labelled flushable, but check local advice and the packet, as flushing litter isn't suitable for all plumbing or septic systems.
Crystal litter
Silica crystals absorb moisture and help control odour. They're light but feel different underfoot, so introduce them gradually.
Choosing a litter box
| Type | Pros | Cons |
|---|---|---|
| Open tray | Cheap, easy to access and clean | Litter can scatter |
| High-sided or semi-enclosed | Less mess | Harder for older cats to enter |
| Enclosed (hooded) | Privacy, contains odour | Some cats avoid enclosed boxes |
| Top-entry | Less tracking | Not for kittens or older cats |
| Disposable | Handy for travel | Not for daily use |
- Size: A litter box should be large enough for your cat to turn around comfortably.
- Number: A common guide is one box per cat, plus one extra.
- Location: Choose a quiet, easy-to-reach spot away from food and water.
Cat litter and accessories to compare
Our cat litter range includes tofu and bentonite clumping litter, flushable tofu corn litter, semi-enclosed and enclosed litter boxes, a stainless steel litter scoop and washable litter mats. Our cat supplies range includes Felix and Optimum cat food, cat grass seed kits, scratching boards and window hammocks. Our cat beds range includes igloo beds, foldable hideaway beds and donut beds, and our pet grooming and hygiene range includes Glitz bedding spray and slicker combs. Every brand we stock is listed on our brands page.
Cleaning routine
- Scoop daily (or twice daily with more than one cat).
- Top up litter to keep a consistent depth.
- Replace all litter and wash the box regularly, following the litter type's guidance.
- Wash the box with warm water and mild, unscented soap. Avoid strong-smelling cleaners that might put your cat off.
- Wear gloves and wash your hands after cleaning. Pregnant people should get advice before handling cat litter.
Odour control
- Scoop frequently.
- Use a litter mat to catch tracked litter.
- Try a carbon filter in enclosed boxes.
- Keep the area ventilated.
Avoid heavily perfumed products, as many cats dislike strong scents.
How much litter to use
Most cats prefer a litter depth of around 5 to 7 cm, enough to dig and cover. Too little and waste sticks to the tray; too much and litter gets kicked out. Check the packet guidance, as crystal and pellet litters often use less.
Storing litter
- Keep bags sealed and off the floor.
- Store in a dry place, especially plant-based litters.
- Lift with care; large bags of clay litter can be heavy, so smaller bags or a scoop-and-pour container may be easier.
Switching litter types
Cats can be sensitive to change. Mix a little of the new litter with the old, then gradually increase the new litter over a week or two.
Common litter box problems
- Going outside the box: Check the box is clean, in a quiet spot and big enough. Try a different litter or an open tray.
- Litter scattered everywhere: Try a high-sided box and a litter mat.
- Strong smell soon after cleaning: Scoop more often or add another box.
When to see a vet
Talk to your vet if your cat:
- Strains to urinate or goes often with little result.
- Avoids the litter box.
- Has diarrhoea or blood in urine or stools.
Changes in toilet habits can be a sign of a health issue.
Litter for kittens
Kittens may try to eat litter, so many owners use a non-clumping or plant-based litter for young kittens. Ask your vet for advice. Choose a low-sided box that's easy to step into.
Choosing the right litter
- Easy scooping: Clumping clay or tofu.
- Low dust: Tofu, paper or crystal.
- Lightweight: Tofu, crystal or paper.
- Kittens: Non-clumping or plant-based with a low-sided tray.
- Multi-cat homes: Clumping litter with more than one box.
For a happy indoor cat, also see our cat tree and scratcher guide, our pet feeding station ideas and pet grooming at home.
Related guides: Cat Trees and Scratchers, Pet Feeding Stations, Pet Grooming at Home.
Frequently asked questions
What type of cat litter is best?
It depends on your cat and your preferences. Clumping clay and tofu are easy to scoop, while paper and crystal are low dust. Your cat's acceptance matters most.
How often should I change cat litter?
Scoop daily and replace the litter completely on a regular basis, depending on the litter type and number of cats.
Can I flush cat litter?
Only litters labelled flushable, and even then check local advice. It isn't suitable for all plumbing or septic systems.
How many litter boxes do I need?
A common guide is one per cat, plus one extra.
